Motar tankin mai da farko ta ƙunshi chassis, tanki, tsarin bututu, tsarin bawul, da kayan taimako. Ka'idar aikinsa ta dogara ne akan ka'idar sadarwa ta jiragen ruwa da injiniyoyin ruwa.
1. Tsarin Tanki da Ajiyewa: Tankin dai shi ne babban abin da ke cikin motar dakon man da ake ajiyewa. Yawanci ana yin shi da ƙarfe mai inganci{2} kuma yana da ƙaƙƙarfan ƙarfi da kayan rufewa don hana zubar mai yayin sufuri. Gabaɗaya ana kula da cikin tanki tare da maganin lalata don hana lalata mai da tsawaita rayuwarsa.
2. Ka'idojin Loading da Saukarwa:
- Tsarin Cikowa: Yayin da ake cikawa, bututun mai yana haɗa wurin ajiyar man zuwa motar tanki. Ana amfani da bambance-bambancen matsin lamba da famfo ya haifar don jigilar mai daga tanki tare da bututun cikin motar tanki. A lokacin wannan tsari, tsarin bawul yana taka muhimmiyar rawa wajen sarrafa jagora da ƙarar man fetur. Misali, tsarin bawul yana buɗe bawul ɗin shigarwa kuma yana rufe wasu bawuloli marasa amfani don tabbatar da shigar mai cikin tanki mai santsi.
- Tsarin saukewa: Ana saukewa shine juzu'in cikawa. Bayan isa wurin, bututun da ke sauke tankar yana haɗawa da kwandon da ake ajiye man. Bugu da ƙari, dogara ga matsi da famfo ke haifarwa, ko kuma nauyin mai (a ƙarƙashin yanayin da ya dace kamar digo a ƙasa), bawul ɗin saukewa yana buɗewa, yana ba da damar man fetur daga tanki zuwa kwandon karba.
3. Pipeline and Valve System: Tsarin bututun shine tashar da mai ke gudana a ciki da waje na tankar. Dole ne kayansa ya cika buƙatu kamar juriya na mai da juriya na matsa lamba. Tsarin bawul ɗin yana kama da "canji" akan bututun, tare da nau'ikan bawuloli daban-daban waɗanda ke yin ayyuka daban-daban. Misali, bawul ɗin ƙwallon ƙafa suna ba da kyakkyawan hatimi kuma suna iya kashe kwararar mai da sauri. Ƙofar bawul ɗin sun dace da ƙayyadaddun ƙayyadaddun ƙayyadaddun ƙayyadaddun ƙayyadaddun ƙayyadaddun ƙayyadaddun ƙayyadaddun ƙayyadaddun ƙayyadaddun ƙayyadaddun ƙayyadaddun ƙayyadaddun ƙayyadaddun ƙayyadaddun buɗaɗɗen bawul.
4. Ayyukan Kayan Ancillary:
{0} Valve Breather: Bawul ɗin numfashi shine mahimmin fasalin aminci akan tankunan ruwa. Yana daidaitawa ta atomatik bisa ga canje-canje a matsa lamba na ciki. Lokacin da matsa lamba ya tashi, bawul ɗin numfashi yana buɗewa don sakin iska; lokacin da matsa lamba ya faɗi, bawul ɗin numfashi yana jawo iska, yana hana lalacewar tanki saboda canjin matsa lamba. Misali, a lokacin zafi, man yana fadada saboda zafi, yana kara matsa lamba a cikin tanki. Bawul ɗin numfashi yana buɗewa da sauri don sakin iskar gas mai yawa kuma tabbatar da amincin tanki.
{0} Ma'aunin Ma'auni: Ana amfani da ma'aunin matakin don lura da matakin mai a cikin tanki a ainihin lokacin. Wannan yana ba masu aiki damar fahimtar hangen nesa matakin ajiyar mai a cikin tanki, hana zubewa ko zubewa yayin lodawa da saukewa. Ma'auni na gama-gari sun haɗa da ma'aunin matakin bututun gilashi da ma'aunin matakin magana.